{"id":2063,"date":"2026-10-05T04:30:59","date_gmt":"2026-10-05T04:30:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/businessfirms.co\/blog\/?p=2063"},"modified":"2026-10-05T04:31:05","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T04:31:05","slug":"bitcoin-where-it-all-started-and-how-a-digital-experiment-became-a-global-asset","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/businessfirms.co\/blog\/bitcoin-where-it-all-started-and-how-a-digital-experiment-became-a-global-asset\/","title":{"rendered":"Bitcoin: Where It All Started and How a Digital Experiment Became a Global Asset"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before we can get to grips with how cryptocurrencies function, the reason why they are so numerous, and whether they are worth considering as investments, we need to begin with the very first cryptocurrency ever created,\u00a0 Bitcoin. The idea of Bitcoin was born out of the global financial crisis as an alternative to the traditional banking system. Satoshi Nakamoto, the author (or rather the authors) of the groundbreaking research paper entitled \u201cBitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System\u201d (Nakamoto 2008) took on the coming financial crisis in his own libertarian and technocratic fashion: replace all the broken institutions and even governments that got us here with a completely transparent and self-governing system that will automatically reject all transactions that will not pass security clearance and prevent coins from being double-spent.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When banks were going bust, Satoshi inscribed in the code of the very first mined Bitcoin block this message: \u201cThe Times 3 January 2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks.\u201d Since then, a lot has been done in the field of cryptocurrencies that went far beyond Bitcoin itself. This article aims at giving a general review of what cryptocurrencies are and how they work, as well as\u00a0 including the risks associated with them, how they can be valued and their long-term prospects.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Though Bitcoin was developed in a libertarian framework, governments have played an indirect role in cryptos since the introduction of stablecoins which are usually pegged to a fiat currency. Stablecoins have become a major mode of payment in the crypto currency industry. Tether, for instance, is the world\u2019s most famous stablecoin and is widely accepted as the most popular trade pairing with many other cryptocurrencies Cryptopedia (2022). Stablecoins avoid the risk of volatility by having their value pegged to an underlying asset. The most popular stablecoins are pegged to the US dollar. There are stablecoins that are backed by assets and managed by a central body and then there are cryptos that try to stabilize their peg using algorithms. One of the most important events was the announcement of Libra (now known as Diem) by Facebook, which was to be a stablecoin for use across all its global platforms and was going to be pegged to multiple currencies which are dominant across the globe (Auer et al. 2020). This event caused panic about the possibility of monetary policy being disrupted by a private currency and seemed to expedite China\u2019s digital currency project (Nikkei Asia, 2020).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2064\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfirms.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/from-an-idea-to-global-asset.png\" alt=\"from-an-idea-to-global-asset\" width=\"512\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/businessfirms.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/from-an-idea-to-global-asset.png 512w, https:\/\/businessfirms.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/from-an-idea-to-global-asset-300x160.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><strong>THE CRYPTO BACKSTORY<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Go back to the Global Financial Crisis for a minute. For many people, this disaster and the response of the institutions involved brought to light many issues with the current financial system. Satoshi, who invented Bitcoin under a pseudonym, thought there had to be a better way to fix the flaws of the financial system built upon intermediary and third-party transactions. This alternative financial system envisioned by Satoshi would empower the people to take control and responsibility for themselves. This system would be decentralized, democratized, and global, with a strong resistance to fraud and rent-seeking activities. At least, these are the features of Bitcoin. But cryptocurrencies created after Bitcoin are different in many ways. However, some general themes (not necessarily rules) can be found in all cryptos, and they are mainly due to mistrust towards traditional institutions and fiat currencies as well as a preference for decentralized financial systems, which are listed below. Interestingly, some of the most famous bankruptcies in the digital asset world belong to the projects that are more centralized such as FTX, Celsius Network, and TerraLuna.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>The Innovation of Crypto<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blockchain Technology The innovation that Satoshi has introduced is blockchain technology. (Blockchain\u2019s authentication technology was not invented by Satoshi but rather by Haber and Stornetta who were working as scientists at Bellcore Labs; Satoshi was the one to apply it in digital currency.) The main thing about blockchain is that it does not require an intermediary or any blessing from a third party for transactions to take place. It may sound very technical, but we think it\u2019s a revolutionary approach to implementing blockchain technology. According to Matt Levine\u2019s crypto primer \u201cThe Crypto Story\u201d \u201cModern life involves entries into databases.\u201d Databases store important data, such as ownership and others. Think of bank accounts, medical records, property titles, etc. Most of those databases exist online, and only a few are exceptions. The financial system can be considered thousands or even more databases.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2065\" src=\"https:\/\/businessfirms.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/how-blockchain-works.png\" alt=\"how-blockchain-works\" width=\"512\" height=\"232\" srcset=\"https:\/\/businessfirms.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/how-blockchain-works.png 512w, https:\/\/businessfirms.co\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/how-blockchain-works-300x136.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These databases housing our information are usually under the control of some centralized authority. The third parties controlling our financial information from our stock trades to our pension accounts are precisely the entities which many people have come to distrust as a result of the Global Financial Crisis and beyond.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0If this system of centralized authorities works right, it does so because these entities serve an important function of confirming transactions, maintaining the trustworthy database of these transactions, and protecting this database from any tampering. If we want to get rid of these centralized third parties, how are we supposed to transact and exchange private information in a reliable manner? How are we supposed to confirm ownership and verify whose information belongs to whom? This is where blockchain comes in. The blockchain is a decentralized database. Rather than depending on some entity (or a few entities) to manage our databases, blockchain depends on a peer network made up of many people connected via computers. Every transaction or database update is shared with the network in the form of a &#8220;block&#8221; of data. Rather than some controlling entity certifying this block, the peer network agrees upon the current status of the data and blocks\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To create a system of incentivizing people for taking part in the blockchain network is through the automatic generation of new Bitcoins and awarding them to the successful completion of the crypto puzzle by these participants. The process of \u201cmining\u201d results in the creation of new blocks in the blockchain, thus forming the distributed ledger (the database not limited to one particular person or authority) where all transactions can be seen by everybody).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consider the blockchain as the continuous recording of entries where new transaction data is being added to the log. The term \u201ccrypto\u201d used in the definition of cryptocurrency stands for the way the blockchain adds every transaction, or forms(blocks) through the use of cryptography. The process of hashing, a cryptographic technology that turns any message of any size into a unique, fixed-sized code called a \u201chash.\u201d Each cryptographic tool creates a unique hash for each transaction and record. The hash of a property deed would be exactly the same as the identical copy of that deed. However, even if a single letter or number is altered in the copy, the hashes of the two deeds will no longer be identical. Indeed, their difference would be so great that you would never know from simply looking at them that they are almost identical. Each block of the blockchain has a hash of the previous block. Therefore, changing the previous data due to human error or fraud changes its hash and destroys the whole chain. Each block of the blockchain contains other elements of information: a timestamp, a unique identifier, and, of course, the transaction or other data included in this block as a hash. As more and more blocks are added to the blockchain, its data log becomes bigger and bigger (see Exhibit 5). In Bitcoin&#8217;s case, the transaction data are stored in each block, with each block having about 2,000 transactions. A block is generated by design about once every 10 minutes.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Keys For Extra Security<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Satoshi envisioned developing a ledger for transactions that would combine the privacy of the banking system with the transparency of the Internet. We have seen how blockchain ensures that the details of transactions or any other information are kept private and secure through hashing. But how does Bitcoin link the transactions and any other information to an individual? Bitcoin accomplishes this through an identity called the key. Just like usernames and passwords, a public key serves as the blockchain username of the individual whose transactions it is. In reality, advanced Bitcoin users have several public keys, and those transacting on centralized exchanges do not have their own public key. To be able to spend or transfer a cryptoasset or digital asset, you will need to authenticate yourself by providing another key, which is the private key. Just like usernames and passwords, the private key acts as the blockchain password. Through your public and private keys, the blockchain will be able to confirm that you own a particular digital asset and can transact it More importantly, private keys are highly secure such that even if a supercomputer were to start running since the Big Bang still would not have guessed a private key-private key pairing. The security of your Bitcoins depends entirely on how securely you keep your private keys. This has led to the common mantra heard among cryptocurrency investors: \u201cNot your keys, not your crypto.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>CONCLUSION<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this essay, we have attempted to examine the functioning of private digital currencies \u2013 commonly known as &#8220;cryptocurrencies,&#8221; or cryptos, and how to look at them as investable assets. Cryptos have often been sensationalized; however, the technology behind them has much greater potential. This is the technology of a new decentralized database system. Combining blockchains with smart contracts will enable many opportunities for keeping records and performing transactions. Despite the fact that the technology of blockchain has some practical limitations. There is an increasing number of enterprises operating across <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/westrencapital.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>digital asset markets<\/b><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0and offering various products built using distributed ledger technology. Such enterprises include IBM Blockchain, Microsoft Azure Blockchain, Oracle Blockchain Cloud Service, and Quorum of JP Morgan. For those people interested in blockchain technology and hesitant about cryptos, we believe that it would be useful to study the possible applications of the blockchain technology and its disruptive potential in different spheres of life and operations. We expect that the gap between digital investable assets and distributed ledgers being used for private, governmental, and business purposes will only grow. As the first generation of blockchain technology applications, cryptos might turn out to be dead ends from the evolutionary perspective.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Before we can get to grips with how cryptocurrencies function, the reason why they are so numerous, and whether they are worth considering as investments, we need to begin with the very first cryptocurrency ever created,\u00a0 Bitcoin. The idea of Bitcoin was born out of the global financial crisis as an alternative to the traditional banking system. Satoshi Nakamoto, the author (or rather the authors) of the groundbreaking research paper entitled \u201cBitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System\u201d (Nakamoto 2008) took on the coming financial crisis in his own libertarian and technocratic fashion: replace all the broken institutions and even governments that got us here with a completely transparent and self-governing system that will automatically reject all transactions that will not pass security clearance and prevent coins from being double-spent.\u00a0 When banks were going bust, Satoshi inscribed in the code of the very first mined Bitcoin block this message: \u201cThe Times 3 January 2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks.\u201d Since then, a lot has been done in the field of cryptocurrencies that went far beyond Bitcoin itself. This article aims at giving a general review of what cryptocurrencies are and how they work, as well as\u00a0 including the risks associated with them, how they can be valued and their long-term prospects. Though Bitcoin was developed in a libertarian framework, governments have played an indirect role in cryptos since the introduction of stablecoins which are usually pegged to a fiat currency. Stablecoins have become a major mode of payment in the crypto currency industry. Tether, for instance, is the world\u2019s most famous stablecoin and is widely accepted as the most popular trade pairing with many other cryptocurrencies Cryptopedia (2022). Stablecoins avoid the risk of volatility by having their value pegged to an underlying asset. The most popular stablecoins are pegged to the US dollar. There are stablecoins that are backed by assets and managed by a central body and then there are cryptos that try to stabilize their peg using algorithms. One of the most important events was the announcement of Libra (now known as Diem) by Facebook, which was to be a stablecoin for use across all its global platforms and was going to be pegged to multiple currencies which are dominant across the globe (Auer et al. 2020). This event caused panic about the possibility of monetary policy being disrupted by a private currency and seemed to expedite China\u2019s digital currency project (Nikkei Asia, 2020). THE CRYPTO BACKSTORY Go back to the Global Financial Crisis for a minute. For many people, this disaster and the response of the institutions involved brought to light many issues with the current financial system. Satoshi, who invented Bitcoin under a pseudonym, thought there had to be a better way to fix the flaws of the financial system built upon intermediary and third-party transactions. This alternative financial system envisioned by Satoshi would empower the people to take control and responsibility for themselves. This system would be decentralized, democratized, and global, with a strong resistance to fraud and rent-seeking activities. At least, these are the features of Bitcoin. But cryptocurrencies created after Bitcoin are different in many ways. However, some general themes (not necessarily rules) can be found in all cryptos, and they are mainly due to mistrust towards traditional institutions and fiat currencies as well as a preference for decentralized financial systems, which are listed below. Interestingly, some of the most famous bankruptcies in the digital asset world belong to the projects that are more centralized such as FTX, Celsius Network, and TerraLuna. The Innovation of Crypto Blockchain Technology The innovation that Satoshi has introduced is blockchain technology. (Blockchain\u2019s authentication technology was not invented by Satoshi but rather by Haber and Stornetta who were working as scientists at Bellcore Labs; Satoshi was the one to apply it in digital currency.) The main thing about blockchain is that it does not require an intermediary or any blessing from a third party for transactions to take place. It may sound very technical, but we think it\u2019s a revolutionary approach to implementing blockchain technology. According to Matt Levine\u2019s crypto primer \u201cThe Crypto Story\u201d \u201cModern life involves entries into databases.\u201d Databases store important data, such as ownership and others. Think of bank accounts, medical records, property titles, etc. Most of those databases exist online, and only a few are exceptions. The financial system can be considered thousands or even more databases. These databases housing our information are usually under the control of some centralized authority. The third parties controlling our financial information from our stock trades to our pension accounts are precisely the entities which many people have come to distrust as a result of the Global Financial Crisis and beyond. \u00a0If this system of centralized authorities works right, it does so because these entities serve an important function of confirming transactions, maintaining the trustworthy database of these transactions, and protecting this database from any tampering. If we want to get rid of these centralized third parties, how are we supposed to transact and exchange private information in a reliable manner? How are we supposed to confirm ownership and verify whose information belongs to whom? This is where blockchain comes in. The blockchain is a decentralized database. Rather than depending on some entity (or a few entities) to manage our databases, blockchain depends on a peer network made up of many people connected via computers. Every transaction or database update is shared with the network in the form of a &#8220;block&#8221; of data. Rather than some controlling entity certifying this block, the peer network agrees upon the current status of the data and blocks\u00a0 To create a system of incentivizing people for taking part in the blockchain network is through the automatic generation of new Bitcoins and awarding them to the successful completion of the crypto puzzle by these participants. The process of \u201cmining\u201d results in the creation of new blocks in the blockchain, thus forming the distributed ledger (the database not limited to one<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2066,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[178],"tags":[218],"class_list":["post-2063","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-crypto","tag-bitcoin"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bitcoin: How It Started and Became a Global Digital Asset<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how Bitcoin started after the financial crisis, how blockchain and crypto keys work, and why Bitcoin became a major global digital asset.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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